Te Aro Pā was one of the largest pā in the Wellington harbour area. It was located near to the original shoreline in the vicinity of Te Aro Park and what is now the harbour end of Taranaki Street. It was established by Ngāti Mutunga in 1824 after their heke, or migration, from Taranaki. The name Te Aro, ‘the face’ or ‘the front’, denotes the pā facing back to Taranaki Maunga.
Waimāpihi Awa flowed near the pā. The sculptural landscape artwork, Te Waimāpihi, by artist Shona Rapira Davies at Te Aro Park also reflects rangitira wāhine Māpihi, the Waimāpihi Awa and the original shoreline.
Ngāti Mutunga inhabited the large harbour-front area of Te Aro from the early 1820s, and their seasonal cultivations covered about 5 acres when Pākehā settlers later arrived in Te Whanganui-a-Tara.
These cultivated areas extended across Pukeahu, Aro Valley, Ngā Kumikumi (Nairn Street in Brooklyn), Moe-i-te-rā (above Maarama Crescent in Brooklyn), Omāroro (Vogeltown), Paekawakawa ki Uta and Paekawakawa ki Tai (Island Bay).
When Ngāti Mutunga left for Wharekauri Chatham Islands in 1835, they handed possession of Te Aro Pā to their Taranaki relations, the Ngāti Tūpaia hapū of Ngāti Ruanui iwi and the Ngāti Haumia hapū from Taranaki iwi, along with their Te Ātiawa kin.